Study of probability integration method parameter inversion by the genetic algorithm

In order to obtain accurate probability integration method(PIM) parameters for surface movement of multi-panel mining, a genetic algorithm(GA) was used to optimize the parameters. As the measured surface movement is affected by more than one mining panel, traditional PIM parameter inversion model is difficult to ensure the reliability of the results due to the complexity of rock movement. With crossover,mutation and selection operators, GA can perform a global optimization search and has high computation efficiency. Compared with the pattern search algorithm, the fitness function can avoid falling into local minima traps. GA reduces the risk of local minima traps which improves the accuracy and reliability with the mutation mechanism. Application at Xuehu colliery shows that GA can be used to inverse the PIM parameters for multi-panel surface movement observation, and reliable results can be obtained. The research provides a new way for back-analysis of PIM parameters for mining subsidence under complex conditions.     

Study on T700/cyanate/PS/epoxy composites with ex-situ toughening technique

Composites were prepared with polysulfone through ex-situ toughening technique. The dynamic parameters of cyanate/epoxy resin were studied by differential scanning calorimetric（DSC） analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis（DMA）. Microstructual toughening mechanism was studied through scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The particle microstructure in interlaminar region of composites toughened through ex-situ toughening technique revealed that a reaction induced phase decomposition and phase inversion happened in the interlaminar region. The thermosetting particles were surrounded by the PS phase, which could signifi cantly improve the delamination resistance of composites. The compression after impact（CAI） can be signifi cantly improved from 180 MPa to 260 MPa by using ex-situ toughening while the mechanical properties are not affected.     

PVDF-HFP基复合微孔聚合物电解质膜的制备与改性

为了提高聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(PVDF-HFP)基电解质的离子电导率和机械强度,采用倒相法,制备出复合聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯基电解质PVDF-HFP-Si O2.复合电解质的形貌、结构和电化学性能分别用SEM、XRD和交流阻抗法进行了表征.结果表明:纳米Si O2的加入增强了聚合物的拉伸强度,同时有效降低了聚合物的结晶度.PVDF-HFP-Si O2分解电压为5.1V,离子迁移数为0.81,聚合物电解质的电导率(25℃)为4.84×10-3S·cm-1.     

地震信息中富水特性的分析

地震勘探取得的地震资料中包含了丰富的地质信息,目前地震资料主要用于解决地质构造问题,其中蕴含的水和瓦斯等岩性信息没有得到充分利用.针对某矿勘探地震资料包含富水信息的反演成果与瞬变电磁法的探测范围及钻孔水文资料标定分析成果进行联合对比分析,吻合性较好.由此可见,从地震资料中提取富水信息是可行的,在实际运用中不仅为矿方提供更为准确的水文地质资料而且也节省了成本,取得了较好的经济效益.     

AVO流体反演技术在低孔渗砂岩气藏预测中的应用

西湖凹陷A构造的砂岩气藏,主要埋藏于3000m以下的深层,且发育于浅水沉积环境,储层物性较致密,厚度横向变化大,导致储层的AVO响应复杂,常规AVO分析难以对储层流体进行有效识别。研究了AVO流体反演技术在该构造含气储层预测中的应用。该技术在对储层以及非储层速度、密度、厚度等关键参数的统计分析的基础上,利用Monte－Carlo随机模型建立、地震正演模拟、流体替换等技术,获得储层在不同流体下AVO响应的验前概率;然后利用Bayes理论,估算实际地震数据AVO响应指示储层含某种流体的可能性一验后概率,从而实现储层流体的预测。实际钻探结果证实了该方法的有效性。     

瞬变电磁模型映射反演

由瞬变响应曲线随地下电导率、发射回线边长与观测时间的平移伸缩特性,近似反演地下介质的电性参数,并称之为视模型,再根据视模型与真模型的加权平均模型之间存在的一一映射关系,应用关系映射(RMI)原理,提出一种新的瞬变电磁模型映射反演方法,并对该算法的收敛条件及收敛速度进行了分析和讨论。映射反演算法无需计算反演灵敏度矩阵,具有算法稳定、收敛速度快的优点,值得推广。     

带约束的一维时频电磁联合反演研究

利用时频电磁资料可同时获取时间域及频率域电磁信息。相比单一时间域或频率域电磁信号,综合利用时频电磁信息可明显提高电性反演精度。为获得精细地电模型,基于正则化反演方法,融合数据约束、模型约束及步长约束,提出一种一维自适应时频电磁联合反演算法。该算法对时间域和频率域数据平衡因子及正则化因子采用自适应调整方案,同时将模型参数搜索范围约束与WOLFE准则相结合,在限制参数搜索范围的同时约束迭代步长,确保反演的稳定性和精度。使用经典层状模型、含噪声的页岩气地电模型及实测数据对该反演方法进行测试与分析,结果表明带约束的时频电磁联合反演方法可有效提高复杂模型电阻率反演的分辨率,对提高时频电磁方法油气藏识别精度具有实际意义。     

泥页岩地层区域三维地质力学建模与应用

印尼A油田在钻井过程中泥页岩地层井壁坍塌严重,为安全快速钻井,减少复杂事故,文章提出了一种多源地质力学建模方法,该方法综合利用岩心实验数据、已钻井测井数据、地震反演数据和泥页岩失稳机理,对印尼A油田的地质力学参数进行了精细刻画,并建立了该油田三维孔隙压力空间分布、三维弹性模量空间分布、三维泊松比空间分布等三维属性体;利用有限元的方法,计算了该油田三维地应力分布,得到三维安全钻井液密度窗口。该模型有效耦合测井数据、岩心数据、地震数据等多源数据,可在钻井设计和钻井施工过程中根据目标井的坐标位置和井眼轨迹准确获取目标井的安全钻井液密度窗口,已在该油田B-8井中现场应用,模型所得到的安全钻井液密度窗口满足现场实际需要,实钻过程中无复杂,钻井周期相对油田前期平均钻井周期缩短40%。本模型为钻井设计及现场施工确定合理钻井液安全密度窗口提供了技术支撑,为解决泥页岩等易坍塌地层的井壁失稳提供一套地质工程一体化的解决方案。     

Mechanisms and conditions that affect phase inversion processes: A review

The phenomenon of phase inversion occurs in liquid‐liquid dispersions found in a variety of chemical engineering fields. From simple oil‐water mixtures to complex polymeric systems, the operating variables that affect this physical phenomenon are discussed in this work. The contribution on this matter by a large number of researchers is critically assessed, outlining both coherent and conflicting results. A detailed review of the mechanisms by which phase inversion takes place is also provided. While this subject has been studied for the past 50 years, this multivariate nonlinear process is not yet comprehensively understood, and this review article aims to describe the conclusions so far reached to provide insight for future research.     

基于IEWT和噪能转移SR-MLS反演识别技术的低频振荡信号分析

电力系统低频振荡信号是典型的多分量混噪信号,特征提取较困难。为此,采用基于顺序统计滤波原理(order statistics filter,OSF)平顶上包络的改进经验小波变换算法(improved empirical wavelet transform,IEWT)和随机共振—移动最小二乘(resonance-moving least squares,SR-MLS)反演识别技术相结合的方法实现对振荡信号的特征分析。IEWT结合了小波分析的完备理论性和经验模态分解的自适应性,通过构造一系列正交小波滤波器组对信号进行分解。首先,根据OSF最大值滤波器原理得到频谱的有效平顶上包络,进而确定EWT的边界并对原始振荡信号进行抗噪主导模态分离,然后结合SR-MLS反演识别技术,在残余噪声的帮助下增强振荡特征并有效提取。最后,在自合成模拟信号仿真、IEEE 16机68节点系统仿真以及电网实测数据3个算例仿真下通过与经典Prony法、VMD-Hilbert法对比,表明了所提方法的可行性及有效性。